Oven



Y May 8, V1928.

L. T. wlLcox OVEN Filed May 16. `1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 0v 44./ ed

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` l TToRNEYs L. T. WILCOX May 8, 1928.

OVEN

Filed lay 16. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 v ATTORNEYS.

Patented May 8, 1928.

i UNITED STATI-1S Lassie PA'rizN'lN oFFlcE. l

mima r. wILcox, or PEEKSKILLNEW Yonx, Assmnon. ro wrLoox .PATENTS oon.-PonA'rmN, or PEEKSKILL, NEW Yonx, A coRPoRArIoN `or `NEW Yonx.

OVEN.

applicati@ nica my 16, 19251 serial No. sones.

This invention relates to ovens, `and particularly to the portable typewhich .may be placed over yopen burners such as gas and liquidpet-roleui-n burners.

An Jobject el? the invention is to provide an improved overl, which maybe lmade largely or practically entirely of sheet metal; which will berelatively str-ong, etli cient, durable, and inexpensive; and in whichthe various parts may be united by `seams that may be formed largely byina- `chinos commonly used for that purpose in 'sheet metal working. y y

A further object is to `provide .an improved oven formed largely ofsheet metal, in which the various parts may' be easily and rapidlyIassemhled into a strong, du?

rahle structure Witha minimnni of operations.

A further object is to provide an improved 'oven in which the hot gasesentering the `oven for heat-ing pl'uposes will be direeted'and conductedin such a `manuel-` to provide a maximum uniformity of the heatthroughoutthe oven, including theside walls, andin which the door, whenhitched, will he draw-n and held tightly closed.

further object is to provide an improved grate for ovens which may beformed from standard stock rolled metal with a minimum of operations.Iand which `will have inaximum rigidity 4and strength Vand which will helight in weight, durable and relatively inexpensive. A

VVarious otherV objects and advantages will be apparentlrorn thefollowing description of an embodiment ofthe invention, and the novelfea-tures 'Willbe particularly pointed out hereinafter' in connectionwith the appended claims. f

ln the Aaccompau viug drawings Fig. 1 is an `endelevationof a portableovenconstructed in aceordunce'with the invent 1 on l Fig. 2 is^alongitudinal sectional elevation oft' the same, with the section takensubAA stantially along the line 2 2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a. partial "transverse sectionalcleration of the same, withthe sectionutaken substantially along the line 3-3 O'FFig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a sectional plan through a portion iof the oven, illustratingthe rlatch for the door;

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of a portion Voi the construction 4showninFig. 4, with the section taken substantially along the line of Fig."4;

Fig. 6 is a sectional plan through a portion of the oven, illustmtingthemounting ofthe hinge for the door, the section being aken substantiallyalong the line 6 6 of Piaf l Fig.' 7 is a perspective of `an improvedgrate which may form part of the oven; and

Fig'. 8 is al Sectional elevation through a portion of the grate and'illustrating the manner of connecting ythe transverse bars `t0 thechannel. 'l

In the illustratedembodimentof the invention, a Vtubular `sheet metalfouter :shell 1 is closed at one end by an end Wall 2, which has aseamed connection f3 thereto, the end Wall having an internal shoulder 4formed therein and extending substantially parallel to and spacedfrom-the marginal edge of the endwall for a` purpose `which wil-lappearpresently.` Au inner tubular sheet metal shell 15 is disposed Within theenter shell, with its peripheral wall vspaced from the outer shell. Thisinner shell is closed at one end hyan 4end wall 16 of sheet metal* whichis seamed thereon as at 7 the seam forming an endwise peripheral llangewhich lits `within the limits of the shoulder 4 of `the outer end Wall,so as to support the inner shell. in spaced relation from the side Wallofthe outer shell, and the seam 7 which Aprojects outwardly from the endWall 6 of the inner shell, and spaces apart the two abutting walls ofthe shells `to create a small insulatingr chamber 8.` 4

An end frame 9 of sheet metal is litted against the open yends yof theinner and outer shellsand seamed to the open end edges of said *shellsin a manner to close thespace between the tivo shells at the open ends.and at the saine` time notl coverior close the open endol the innershell. Aj doormember 10 is secured hv hinges 11 to the frame 9 at onesidefin such a manner as topermitthe door to swing across and close theopen yend of the vinner shell.` This door 10 see as lo overlie or hookover the seams between the frame 9 and the open end edge of the innershell, as shown in Fig. L1.

At the side of the door opposite the hinges, the flattened portion 14 ofthe outer wall 13 is slightly enlarged in area, as at 15, to provide asurface upon which a suitable latch may be mounted. This latch comprisesa base elen'ient 1G having a reduced pivot extension 17 passing throughand rotatably mounted .in the two walls 12 and 13, the inner endcarrying a locking arm 18 which is held thereon by upsetting or rivetingover the inner end ot the extension 17. A handle bail 19, or otheroperating member, is hinged or ot-herwise secured to the base element 16to enable rotation ot the base element and the arm 18, the bail element19 having a handle 20 ot insulating material so that it may be operatedwhile the oven is bot or in use.

The side wall ot the inner shell 5 is provided adjacent the latch with aslot 2l, through which the arm 1S may pass during its rotation with thebase element 16. This slot 21, intermediate of its ends, is arcuate orbowed away trom the door, so that as the arm 1S passes through theintermediate portion of the slot, it will be eannned rearwardly of theoven by the eonvexityv of the slot walls, to draw the door tightlyclosed and hold it in that condition. The arm 18 may be made of somewhatresilient material, such as sheet metal, so that it will resilientlyhold the door tightly elosed whenever it is in the intermediate portionof the slot 21.

The bottom walls of the inner and outer shells are provided withsubstantially aligned apertures 22 and 23 respectively, the aperture 22of the inner shell being preferably slightly larger than the aperture23. A strip 24 ot sheet metal is formed into a tubular membercorresponding somewhat in` shape and size to the apertures, and isdisposed in the space between the bottom wallsot the shells. Thistul'iular member is provided with an inwardly directed flange 25 at itslower end and an outwardly directed tlange 26 at its upper end. Theinner margin of the flange 25 at the lower end is secured to the bottomwall by Hanging the portion ot the bottom wall bordering the aperture 23inwardly and backwardly upon the flange 25, as at 27, which forms aseamed connection between the tubular member 21 vand the bottom wall'.

The flange 26 at the upper end of the. tubular member 24 is seained tothe portion of the bottom wall oft' the inner shell bor- ,dering theaperture, as at 28, so as to form a tight connection between them. Themember 24 therefore forms a Apassage through the two bottom walls of theinner and and outer shells, and prevents communication ,between thepassage through the bottom walls and the space between the bottom wallsoutside of the apertures. The seamed connection between the two bottomwalls and the tubular member provides a very durable structure whichimparts considerable rigidity to the two shells.

L-shaped angle strips 29 are secured along the side and rear lateralwalls ot the inner shell slightly above the bottom wall ,there ot', uponwhich strips a heat spreader'i() may be slidingly suspended across thepassage through the bottom wall. The heat spreader may be ot anysuitable construction but, as illustrated, has a depressed portion whichis in substantially the plane of the aperture 22 of the bottom wall ofthe inner shell and this depressed portion may be formed of two sheetmetal walls with an interposed layer of insulating material, such asasbestos. The forward edge of the spreader is flanged downwardly, as at31, so as to rest upon` the bottom wall at the forward end of the oven.This flange 31 not only serves to support the spreader at the forwardend of the oven, but also prevents passage ot the hot gases against thedoor at the forward end.

The spreader is provided with a plurality7 of apertures 32 along its twoside walls and in proximity thereto, as shown in Fig. 3, so that theheated gases from a burner over which the oven is placed. which passupwardly through the passage vdefined by the tubular member, will bedeflected by the heat spreader to the two sides ot the ove-n, which maybe the two long side walls when the oven has a greater length thanbreadth. Through these apertures 32. the hot gases pass upwardly intothe interior of the inner shell constitutingr the baking chamber, andthen rise to the top of the chamber. The two long side walls of theinner shell are provided, adjacent the top, with a plurality ofapertures 33 spaced along the same from tront to rear through which the'heated gases may pass from the baking chamber to the space between t-heinner and outer shells at the top.

The outer shell is provided in the long side walls with a plurality ofapertures 3d spaced apart lengthwise oi: the oven and permitting passageot the heated gases troni the space between the shells into theatmosphere at the lower part ot the oven. The outer shell may beprovided upon its inner face with a lining B5 of insulating material,such as sheet asbestos fabric which extends along the tubular part fromthe top down each side .slightly for a short dist-ance, or for its fulllength, so as to confine the heat in the space between the shellsagainst radiation upwardly or outwardly.

The two side walls of the outer shell may be depressed inwardly to formtwo cavities lUU Lemme@ 36', one at each side, in `which suitnhlehandies 37 may meuntedin such a manner that in their normal positionsthey will be co'untersunk Within the outer limits of the oven. Thus, thehandles willv not project outwardly and forni trouhlesoine projectionsin the packing and shipping of the oven. The two lian-illes are,therefore, protected from injury during packing and shipping.

AThe `handles preferably comprise bails which are lingedattheiruppei'ends-to the siede walls ot the outershell and normally descend by'gravity intonconcealed positiims "Within the `cavities 36. Each handlemay have 'a handgrip 38 of insulating material or be 4otherwiseconstructed to remain cold duringuse ofthe oven, so that the oven may hecarried about or movedwhile hot.

A plurality of .grate- 'supports39 (Figs. 2, land 8) are `provided uponthe side and rear end Walls yof the inner shell at diiferent elevationsor levels, so as to support ,cuates interchangeably at diii'ercntelevations in the bakingr chamber.` These rfrate supports are preferablyeach formed cfa metal channel strip whicli'is bent to extend along theside and rear Wall of the inner shell `with the channel'facinginwardly,that is,`into the in-V teriorofthe chamber; Thechannel stretches,therefore, serve as guideways iny which the grate nray'slide andbesupported.

The improved grate comprises a. ,closed frame 40 formed olla meta-lchannel strip which has been bent to conform to the cross sectionalshape and4 size lof the interior of the baking cliainher of the oven,with the lchannel facing outwardly er sidewise ofthe frame. I'hewidtliof this channel strip is less than the distanceioet'ween the .sidea'rnas ot' the channels forming 4the grate supports,

that the channel trarne 4() may slide within the g'uideways of thechannels 39 serving as the-'grate supports. p

The opposite side walls of the" grate frame are providedwith apertures41 inthe bot-toni Walls et the channel strip forming the traine `(seeFig. 183, and grate hars 4Q extend between the apertured-stretches ofthe `channel frame and-terininatefat their'ends in tongues 43 of'redneed cross section which enter the 'apertures 41, withtheshoulders-hetiieen the tongues and'tliebcdy o-feach har abutting:against the inner face ofthe traine 1.10. 'The ends ofthe tongues whichproject into the channels of groovesot' the grate traine may -be bentover, riveted, or upset so as to iirmly interlock the grate bars 4Qaga-inst Withdrawal, and prevent springing apart 'et' the side4stretches of the grate fram-e.

In the use of the ove-n, it may be liii'ted by the handles BTand placedover one or incre burners, andthe lint from `the 'burners will passupwardly `through the passage formed in the bottom wallsyby the tubularmember 34; Each spreader- 3U will direct `in the details, which -t-lienature oft-he invention. may inac those skilled ia the a'rtwithin theprinciple the holt gases to the sides ofthe ove-u where they 'will passupwardlythrougvh the aper tures 132 of the spreader into the Trhakingchamber. The gases will then rise through the cham-ber and pass outtherefrom through the apertures 33 into the spaces between the inner andouter shells. The `gases will then pass downwardly through thespacebetween the inner and outer shells at the sides of the baking;chamber, and leave the oven through the apertures 34 in the lower partofthe sides ot'` the outer shell. The hot gases in passing down the sidewalls in the space between the two shells, 'will prevent radiatirm ofheat outvi'ardly from the lbakingr cha-mbert'hrough the side Walls, andwill also prevent chillin-g of 'the chamber at the sidewalls.

The lining 35 ol. insulating material will prevent too great a heatradiation from the oven on the top, and, if extended f down the i sides,will also assist in preventing outward radiation ofthe heat from thesides of the oven. The gratos 4niay placed at diil'ercnt heights bysliding` them into the different channel gnides and supports T39. Thearticles to be baked are placed upon tlie grottes, and when the idoor isclosed, itunia'y be locked by turningr the hase element 1G of the latch'to interlock the arm 18 in the slot 21. This `resiliei-itlv holds thedoor liri-nly closed and also assis-ts" in holding the latch againstturning into unlockedposition.

It will be observed that the oven is made practically entirely of sheetmetal, with the parts connected bysheet metal seams provided in suchpositions that they may 'be `Formed largely bv machine loperationsinstead oit lia-nd work. The oven 1s also surrounded on all sides eitherby dead air or by het gases, sothat radiation `from the bakingchalnherwill'be reduced to La minimum in a simple manner. It will bealso observed that p with this particular construction of the oven,notwithstanding the fact that it is made largely'of sheet metal, it willhave exceptional rigidity, strength and great durability. It may alsohave many rounded corners in the leaking chamber to facilitate cleaning.

It will he understood that various changes have been hereindescribed andillustrated in order to explain e by and sco-pe ot.' the invention, asthe appended claims.

I cla-im:

l. In an oven, an outer sheet metal shell, an inner sheet' metal shellspaced romtile outer shell, both of said `shells havingr substantiallyaligned apertures in the bottoni Walls, a strip of sheet metal seamedast both edges to the hottxnn walls Yof the inner and outer shellsrespectively and surrounding the apertures thereof, a heat spreadersuspended Aacross the passage defined by said strip, said expressed inlli spreader having passages from face to tace along its margin wherebyheat deflected by said spreader may enter the inner shell at the marginsof the spreader, said inner shell having openings therethrough near thetop thereof to permit passage of heat from the inner shell to the spacebetween said shells, said outer shell having openings therethroughadjacent its bottom for the escape ot heat from the space between saidshells.

2. In an oven, inner and outer sheet metal shells, having alignedlateral door openings and their walls spaced apart, the bottom wallshaving substantially aligned apertures through which heat may enter theinner shell, a tubular member connecting the apertures to define apassage through said shells for the entrance of hot gases, the innershell having openings therethrough near the top thereof to permitpassage of heat from the inner shell to the space between said shells,said outer shell having openings therethrough adjacent its bottom torthe esa-pe ot heat from the space between said shells.

3. In an oven, inner and outer sheet metal shells having aligned lateraldoor openings and their walls spaced apart, the bottom walls havingsubstantially aligned apertures through which hot gases may enter theinner shell, a tubular member connecting the apertures to define apassage through said shells for the entrance of hot gases, the innershell having openings therethrough near the top thereof to permitpassage of heat. from the inner shell to the space between said shells,said outer shell having openings therethrough adjacent its bottom forthe escape of heat Jfrom the space between said shells, said shellshaving substantially the shape of a parallelopiped with the openingsthrough the walls thereof for the passage of heat provided in the longerlateral walls.

4l. In anv oven, inner and outer shells having aligned lateral dooropenings and their walls spaced apart, the bottom .walls havingsubstantially aligned apertures through which hot gases may enter theinner shell, a tubular member connecting the bottom walls at theapertures to define a passage through said shells for the entrance ofhot gases, the shells having the form of a parallelopiped with the dooropenings at one end, the inner shell having apertures in its longerwalls adjacent the top thereof ,for the passage of the hot gases fromthe inner shell into the space between the shells, the outer shellhaving apertures in the longer side walls adjacent the bottom thereoffor the discharge of the hot gases from the space between the shells.

5. In an oven, inner andouter shells having aligned lateral dooropenings and their wallsspaced apart, the bottom walls havingsubstantially aligned apertures through which hot gases may enter theinner shell, a tubular member connectin the bottom .walls at theapertures to de ne a passage through said shells for the entrance of thehot gases, the shells having the form of a parallelopiped with the dooropenings at one end, the inner shell having apertures in its longerwalls adjacent the top thereof for the passage of heat from the innershell into the space between the shells, the outer shell havingapertures in the longer side walls adjacent the bottom thereof for thedischarge ot heat from the space between the shells, and a heat spreadersupported across the passage defined by said tubular member so as to`direct the entering hot gases toward the marginal portion ofthe longerside walls ot said inner shell.

G. In an oven, an outer sheet metal shell, an inner sheet metal shellspaced from the outer shell, both of said shells having substantiallyaligned apertures in the bottom walls, a tubular member connecting theapertures to define a passage through the bottom walls of said shells,the tubular member having its lower edge flanged inwardly and its upperedge flanged outwardly, the bottom wall of the outer' shell having themarginal portions bordering the aperture flanged haclnvardly upon thelower flanged edge, the portion of the bottom wall of the inner shellbordering the aperture, and the adjacent outer flange ot' the upper endof the tubular member being seamed together.

7. In an oven, a tubular open ended sheet metal shell, an end wall ofsheet metal seamed at its edgesto onerend of the tubular shell and beingbent to form a shoulder extending parallel to and spaced from a marginthereof, a second tubular shell disposed in the first shell and spacedtherefrom, one end ot the inner shell being held in spaced relation tothe side walls of the outer shell by fitting against the side marginalshoulder of the end wall of the outer shell, the end wall of the innershell which abuts the closed end of the outer shell being spacedslightly from said closed end, a frame-like wall seamed to the two outerends of the inner and outer shells for closing the space between them, adoor hinged to the framelikeend wall tor movement toward and from aposition in which it encloses the opening of the inner shell, said innerand outer shell having apertures in their bottom walls through whichheated gases may enter the inner shell. e

8. In an oven, an outer sheet metal shell, an inner sheet metal shell, adoor supported in hinged relation to said shells to close a door openingthereof, a member rotatably carried by and extending through said doei',having an operating elementupon its outer end and a. locking arm uponits inner end, said inner shell having a slot into which the looking armmay move during its rotation for looking the door Closed, said slothaving a portion extending slightly and obliquely toward the rear fromthe door and beginning approximately at the point Where the arm entersthe slot, whereby as the arm moves along the slot it will draw the doortightly closed by the cumming action between said slot and arm.

9. In an oven, an outer sheet metal shell, an inner sheet metal shell, adoor supported in hinged relation to said shell to close a door openingthereof, a member rotatably carried by and extendingthrough said door,having an operating element upon its outer end and a locking arm uponits inner end, said inner shellV having a slot into and t-hroughjvhiehthe arm may move during its rotation and with which the arm maycooperate to look the door closed, said slot having the portionintermediate its ends fui ther from the door opening than its endswhereby as the arm enters the slot and passes along the same from eitherdirection, the Cumming action between the slot and arm will draw thedoor tightly closed.

l0. In an oven, a grate comprising a Channel strip bent into a closedform or trame corresponding to the cross sectional shape of the bakingchamber ot' the oven, with the channel outermost7 and cross barsextending between and interlocking with opposite sides of the channelframe to form intermediate supporting bars therefor, and supportingslides for said grates provided upon the lateral walls of the ovenchamber.

11. In an oven, a easing having a baking chamber with grate supportingstrips along its lateral walls, a closed grate frame slidably supportedupon said strips and being channel shaped in oross section, with thehannel facing outwardl of the frame and the bottom wall of the e iannelforming the inner face ol the margin, the bottom wall of the channel atopposite sides of the frame having apertures, and bars extending betweensuoli opposite walls and having tongues entering said apertures forsupport, the entering ends of said tongues being riveted over to preventtheir removal.

12. In an oven, a casing having a baking chamber with grate supportingstrips along .its lateral. walls, a closed grate frame slida ablysupported upon said strips and being channel shaped in cross section,with the channel facing outwardly of the frame and the bottom wall ofthe channel forming the inner face of the margin, the bottom wall of thechannel at opposite sides of the frame having apertures, and barsextending between such opposite walls and having tongues entering saidapertures. Y Y

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my Signat-ure.

LEWIS r WILcoX.

